Bảng tóm tắt các biến thể trong các ngôn ngữ Dấu ngoặc kép

Các ngôn ngữ khác có quy ước tương tự như tiếng Anh, nhưng sử dụng các ký hiệu khác nhau hoặc vị trí khác nhau.

Ngôn ngữCơ bảnDạng thay thếKhoảng cáchTên, ghi chú & tham khảo
Thứ nhấtThứ haiThứ nhấtThứ hai
Afrikaans“…”‘…’„…”‚…’[lower-roman 1]Aanhalingstekens (quotation)
Albanian„…“‘…’Thonjëza (quotes)
Amharic«…»‹…›[4][5][6]“…”‘…’[6]ትምህርተ ጥቅስ (timihirite t’ik’isi, quote)
Arabic«…»‎”…“‎optional[lower-roman 2]

علامات تنصيص‎ (ʻalāmāt tanṣīṣ, quotation marks)

Armenian«…»չակերտներ (chakertner, quotation marks)
Azerbaijani«…»„…“„…“0–1 ptDırnaq işarəsi} (fingernail mark)
Basque«…»“…”“…”‘…’Komatxoak
Belarusian«…»“…”[7]
  • Двукоссе (Dvukosse, double commas)
  • Лапкі (Lapky, little paws)
Bosnian
  • ”…”
  • „…”
’…’„…“»…«
  • ”…” Navodnici, Наводници, Znaci navoda, Знаци навода (quotation marks)
  • ’…’ Polunavodnici, Полунаводници (half-quotation marks)
  • »…« is used only in printed media.
Bulgarian„…“
[8][lower-roman 4]«…»[lower-roman 3]
[8][lower-roman 4]Кавички (Kavichki)
  • „…“ is sometimes replaced by "…" or “…”
  • ’…’ and ‘…’ are sometimes written as '…', ‘…’ or ‛…’
Catalan«…»“…”[lower-roman 4][lower-roman 5]“…”‘…’[lower-roman 4]none
  • «…» Cometes franceses (French quotation marks)
  • “…” Cometes angleses (English quotation marks)
  • ‘…’ Cometes simples (Simple quotation marks)
Chinese, simplified“…”‘…’[9]
[9]Fullwidth form
  • “…” 双引号 (bính âm: shuāng yǐn hào, double quotation mark)
  • ‘…’ 单引号 (bính âm: dān yǐn hào, single quotation mark)
Chinese, traditional[10][11]Fullwidth form
Croatian„…”‘…’[12][lower-roman 4]»…«
  • „…” and »…« Navodnici (quotation marks)
  • ‘…’ Polunavodnici (single quotes)
  • »…« is used only in printed media.
Czech„…“‚…‘»…«›…‹Uvozovky (introduce)
Danish
  • »…«
  • „…“
  • ›…‹
  • ‚…‘
[13]”…”[14]’…’[14][13]
  • Citationstegn (citation marks)
  • Anførselstegn (quotes)
  • Gåseøjne (goose eyes)
Tiếng Hà Lan„…”‚…’[15]‘…’“…”
English, UK‘…’“…”[16][lower-roman 8]“…”‘…’1–2 ptQuotation marks, double quotes, quotes, inverted commas, speech marks
  • Usage of single or double as primary varies across English varieties.
English, US; English, Canada“…”‘…’[lower-roman 8]
Esperanto“…”‘…’[lower-roman 9]
  • « … »
  • „…“
  • ‹…›
  • ‚…‘
Citiloj (quotes)
  • There is no standard for quotation marks. L. L. Zamenhof recommended that writers use their native languages' quotation marks.[cần dẫn nguồn] However, it has become common practice to use the quotation marks of American English.
Estonian„…“«…»
  • Jutumärgid (speech marks)
  • Hanejalad (goose feet)
Filipino“…”‘…’[17][lower-roman 8][17]Panipi
Finnish”…”’…’[18]»…»’…’[18]Lainausmerkit (citation marks)
Tiếng Pháp« … »« … »[lower-alpha 1][lower-roman 4]‹ … ›[lower-roman 4]Guillemets
“…”[lower-alpha 4]“…”‘…’none
French, Swiss[lower-alpha 5]«…»‹…›
Galician«…»“…”[19]“…”‘…’[19]
Georgian„…““…”noneბრჭყალები (brč’q’alebi, claws)
Tiếng Đức„…“‚…‘»…«›…‹
  • Anführungszeichen (quotation marks)
  • Gänsefüßchen (little goose feet)
  • Hochkommas, Hochkommata (high commas)
German, Swiss[lower-alpha 5]«…»‹…›„…“‚…‘
Greek«…»“…”[22][23]Εισαγωγικά (eisagogiká, introductory marks).
Hebrew”…”‎’…’‎[24]„…”‎‚…’‎[24][lower-roman 2]

מֵירְכָאוֹת‎ (merkha'ot)

  • Not to be confused with גֵּרְשַׁיִם‎ (gershayim, double geresh typographical mark).
Hindi“…”‘…’[25]उद्धरण चिह्न (uddharan chihn)
Hungarian„…”»…«[lower-roman 4]
  • „…” Idézőjel (quotation mark)
  • »…« Belső idézőjel, lúdláb (inner quotation mark, goose feet)
  • ’…’ Félidézőjel (half quotation mark, tertiary quotation mark)
  • "…" Macskaköröm (cat claws)
  • The three levels of Hungarian quotation: „…»…’…’…«…”[26]
Icelandic„…“‚…‘Gæsalappir (goose feet)
Indonesian“…”‘…’Tanda kutip, tanda petik (quote mark)
Interlingua“…”‘…’[lower-roman 9]Virgulettas
Tiếng Ireland“…”‘…’1–2 ptLiamóg (William)
Tiếng Ý«…»“…”[27]“…”‘…’[27]Virgolette (small commas)
Italian, Swiss[lower-alpha 5]«…»‹…›
Tiếng Nhật
  • 「…」 鉤括弧 (, kagi kakko?, hook bracket)
  • 『…』 二重鉤括弧 (, nijū kagi kakko?, double hook bracket)
Kazakh«…»“…”Тырнақша (Tırnaqşa)[28]
Khmer«…»[lower-alpha 6]“…”សញ្ញាសម្រង់ (sanhnhea samrong, quotation mark)
Korean, North Korea《…》〈…〉
  • 〈…〉 홑화살괄호 (hot'hwasalgwalho, arrow bracket)
  • 《…》 겹화살괄호 (gyeop'hwasalgwalho, double arrow bracket)
Korean, South Korea“…”[29]‘…’[30]
﹃⋮﹄
[lower-roman 6]
﹁⋮﹂
[lower-roman 6]
  • “…” 쌍따옴표 (ssang-ttaompyo, double quotation mark)
  • ‘…’ 따옴표 (ttaompyo, quotation mark)
  • 「…」 낫표 (natpyo, scythe symbol)
  • 『…』 겹낫표 (gyeomnatpyo, double scythe symbol)
Lao“…”ວົງຢືມ (vong yum)
Latvian
  • “…”
  • „…”
Pēdiņas
Lithuanian„…“‚…‘[31]Kabutės
Lojbanlu … li’ulu “…” li’uLojban uses the words lu and li’u, rather than punctuation, to surround quotes of grammatically correct Lojban.[32] Double quotes (unnamed in Lojban, but lubu suggested, following same pattern as alphabet) can also be used for aesthetic purposes. Non-Lojban text may be quoted using zoi.[33]
Macedonian„…“’…‘[34][34]
  • „…“ Наводници (Navodnitsi, double quote)
  • ’…‘ Полунаводници (Polunavodnitsi, single quote)
Maltese“…”‘…’Virgoletti
Mongolian, Cyrillic script«…»„…“[lower-roman 4]„…“
Mongolian, Mongolian script《…》〈…〉[lower-roman 10][35]
New Tai Lue《…》〈…〉[36]
Norwegian«…»‘…’[37]„…“,…‘
  • Anførselstegn (quotation marks)
  • Gåseauge, gåseøyne (goose eyes)
  • Hermeteikn, hermetegn
  • Sitatteikn, sitattegn
  • Dobbeltfnutt
Occitan«…»“…”“…”‘…’Vergueta
Pashto«…»‎[lower-roman 2][38]
Persian«…»‎[lower-roman 2]

گیومه‎ (giyume, guillaume)

Tiếng Ba Lan„…”
  • «…»
  • »…«
[lower-roman 3]
  • «…»
  • »…«
Cudzysłów (someone else's word)
Portuguese, Brazil“…”‘…’[lower-roman 4]
  • Aspas[39] (quotation marks)
  • Aspas duplas (double quotation marks)
  • Aspas simples (single quotation marks)
  • “…” Aspas curvas, aspas inglesas, aspas altas,[40] aspas levantadas,[41] aspas elevadas[42] (curved quotation marks)
  • «…» Aspas angulares,[41] aspas latinas, vírgulas dobradas, aspas em linha[41] (angular quotation marks)
Portuguese, Portugal«…»“…”[43][lower-roman 4]“…”‘…’[43]
Romanian„…”«…»[44][lower-roman 4]noneGhilimele (quotes)
Romansh[lower-alpha 5]«…»‹…›
Tiếng Nga«…»„…“[lower-roman 4]“…”‘…’none
  • Кавычки (kavychki)
  • «…» Ёлочки (yolochki, little spruces)
  • „…“ Лапки (lapki, little paws)
Serbian„…”’…’
  • Наводници (navodnici)
  • Знаци навода (znaci navoda)
Scottish Gaelic‘…’“…”“…”‘…’Cromagan turrach
Slovak„…“‚…‘»…«›…‹Úvodzovky (introduce)
Slovene„…“‚…‘»…«›…‹Navednice
Sorbian„…“‚…‘
Tiếng Tây Ban Nha«…»“…”[45][lower-roman 4]“…”‘…’[lower-roman 4][lower-roman 5]
  • Comillas
  • «…» Comillas latinas, comillas angulares
  • “…” Comillas inglesas dobles
  • ‘…’ Comillas inglesas simples
Swedish”…”’…’[46]
  • »…»
  • »…«
’…’[46]
  • Citationstecken, anföringstecken
  • Citattecken (modernised term)
  • Dubbelfnutt (ASCII double quote)
  • Kaninöron (bunny ears)
Tai Le《…》〈…〉[47]
Tibetan《…》〈…〉[48]
Tigrinya«…»‹…›[5][6]“…”‘…’[6]
Thai“…”‘…’อัญประกาศ (anyaprakat, differentiating mark)
Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ“…”‘…’[49]«…»‹…›0–1 ptTırnak işareti (fingernail mark)
Ukrainian«…»
  • “…”
  • ‘…’
[50]noneЛапки (lapky, little paws)
Uyghur«…»‎‹…›‎none[lower-roman 2][51]
  • قوش تىرناق‎ (qosh tirnaq)
  • يالاڭ تىرناق‎ (yalang tirnaq)
Uzbek«…»„…“[52]„…“‚…‘Qoʻshtirnoq (nails)
Tiếng Việt“…”[53]
  • Dấu ngoặc kép (paired parentheses)
  • Dấu nháy kép (paired blinking marks)
Welsh‘…’“…”“…”‘…’1–2 ptDyfynodau
  1. 1 2 Traditional.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Direction of text is right-to-left.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Rarely used.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 A quotation dash is preferred for dialogue.
  5. 1 2 A closing quotation mark is added to the beginning of each new paragraph.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Only used when text is written vertically.
  7. 1 2 3 4 Rotated for use in horizontal text; originally written ﹁⋮﹂ and ﹃⋮﹄ in vertical text
  8. 1 2 3 Within a quotation, the opening quotation mark is repeated at the beginning of each new paragraph.
  9. 1 2 Usage may vary, depending on the native language of the author and publisher.
  10. Direction of text is vertical.
  11. Handwriting.
  1. According to the French Imprimerie nationale. English quotes are more common on the second level.
  2. According to French usage in print and the practice of the French Imprimerie nationale. A rule in the house style guide recommends NBSP, though.
  3. According to a rule in the house style guide of the French Imprimerie nationale. Practice in the style guide and elsewhere shows use of NNBSP, though. Also used in word processing, where NBSP is not justifying, though (except in Word 2013, according to this forum thread).
  4. According to French usage. The French Imprimerie nationale recommends double angle quotes even on the second level.
  5. 1 2 3 4 In Thụy Sĩ the same style is used for all languages.
  6. Inferred from keyboard layout and fonts.

Tài liệu tham khảo

WikiPedia: Dấu ngoặc kép http://www.daube.ch/docu/glossary/quotation_marks.... http://www.yys.ac.cn/gfbz/shanghi/020.htm http://hindi.edurite.com/cbse-hindi-grammar/viram-... http://download.microsoft.com/download/d/9/b/d9b3b... http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/words/punctuatio... http://www.host1.dgh.dk/quark/quarkbruger/XT/tegn.... http://www.dsn.dk/retskrivning/retskrivningsregler... http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=comillas http://publications.europa.eu/code/el/el-4100107el... http://academia.gal/dicionario_rag/searchNoun.do?n...